G-03 Glossary term

Building coverage

The percentage of your site covered by buildings when viewed from above.

At a glance

Building coverage at a glance

What counts
Every existing and proposed building footprint counted by the planning definition
Calculation
Total counted building footprint ÷ net site area × 100
Residential-zone limit
No more than 50% under the NES-DMRU
What passing means
One planning check, not permission for the whole project

Which coverage limit applies?

In a residential zone, the NES-DMRU limits total building coverage to 50% of the net site area.

In a rural, mixed-use or Māori-purpose zone, use the building-coverage standard in the district plan. A district plan can set a more lenient standard. Check the current plan before relying on it, and record the rule used in the assessment.

What counts as a building footprint?

Picture the property from directly above. Building coverage measures the ground occupied by counted buildings, not the space inside them. A two-storey house can have twice as much internal floor area without occupying twice as much ground.

The definition also counts parts of a building that extend beyond the ground-floor limits and overhang the ground. Use the final building footprint, not the internal floor area.

Which three figures do you need?

  1. 01/

    Net site area

    Confirm the area used by the planning definition. It can differ from the total on a property record because specified access areas and land subject to certain designations are excluded.

  2. 02/

    Existing building footprint

    Measure every existing building the definition counts. The total can include a garage, sleepout or other structure as well as the main house.

  3. 03/

    Proposed building footprint

    Use the final roof and wall dimensions. Ask the designer to show the footprint used in the calculation on the site plan.

Worked example: Anika’s 600 m² site

MeasureAreaWhat it means
Net site area600 m²The area used in the calculation
Residential limit300 m²50% of the net site area
Existing buildings205 m²House, garage and other counted footprints
Proposed granny flat70 m²Proposed footprint
New total275 m²45.8% building coverage
Source: NES-DMRU regulation 6(b); Ready to Build worked exampleAnika’s calculated coverage is 45.8%, which is below the 50% residential limit. That conclusion holds only if the measurements are correct and 50% is the applicable standard for her property.

What could change the result?

A covered porch, a larger roof overhang or an existing garage missing from the site plan would change Anika’s calculation. A few square metres can decide whether a tight site stays below its limit.

Going over the limit does not always end the project. Anika could revise the footprint, remove an unused building or check whether a more lenient district-plan standard applies. Each option changes the design or the rule being relied on, so it must be checked again.

What is building coverage often confused with?

TermWhat it measures
Impervious areaSurfaces that do not absorb rainwater, including some paving.
Floor areaSpace inside a building.
Yards or setbacksThe required distance between a building and a boundary.
Outdoor living spaceUsable outdoor area required by some planning rules.
Source: Ministry for the Environment National Planning Standards